貝拉克.奧巴馬/劉津:跟美國總統學英語Great Speeches
中國發展出版
468頁/英文橫排/平裝/25開
ISBN:9787802348639
《Great Speeches:跟美國總統學英語》內容簡介:From George Washington to Barack Obama, Presidents have used inaugural
addresses to articulate their hopes and dreams for a nation.Collectively, these
addresses chronicle the course of this country from its earliest days to the
present.
Inaugural
addresses have taken various tones, themes and forms. Some have been reflective
and instructive, while others have sought to challenge and inspire.
Washington’s second inaugural address on March 4, 1793 required only 135 words
and is the shortest ever given. The longest on record—8495 words—was delivered
in a snowstorm March 4, 1841 by William Henry Harrison.
Invoking
a spirit of both history and patriotism, inaugural addresses have served to
reaffirm the liberties and freedoms that mark our remarkable system of
government. Many memorable and inspiring passages have originated from these
addresses.
This
collection includes the great inaugural addresses of 38 presidents of the
United States. It is our hope that this volume will serve as an important and valuable
reference for historians, scholars and English learners.
編輯推薦
《Great
Speeches:跟美國總統學英語》是美國38位總統的就職演說集,免費下載對應的原聲錄音與外教朗讀,是英語學習者極有價值的讀物。通過從喬治•華盛頓到貝拉克•奧巴馬總統的演說中,讀者也可以更好地瞭解美國各個階段的政治、經濟與歷史文化。
作者簡介
作者:(美國)貝拉克•奧巴馬 等 譯者:劉津
目錄
01 George Washington (1789-1797)
First Inaugural Address 1
Second Inaugural Address 6
02 John Adams (1797-1801)
Inaugural Address 7
03 Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809)
First Inaugural Address 15
Second Inaugural Address 20
04 James Madison (1809-1817)
First Inaugural Address 28
Second Inaugural Address 32
05 James Monroe (1817-1825)
First Inaugural Address 36
Second Inaugural Address 46
06 John Quincy Adams (1825-1829)
Inaugural Address 60
07 Andrew Jackson (1829-1837)
First Inaugural Address 70
Second Inaugural Address 74
08 Martin Van Buren (1837-1841)
Inaugural Address 78
09 William Henry Harrison (1841)
Inaugural Address 90
10 James Knox Polk (1845-1849)
Inaugural Address 115
11 Zachary Taylor (1849-1850)
Inaugural Address 130
12 Franklin Pierce (1853-1857)
Inaugural Address 134
13 James Buchanan (1857-1861)
Inaugural Address 145
14 Abraham Lincoln (1861-1865)
First Inaugural Address 154
Second Inaugural Address 165
15 Ulysses S. Grant (1869-1877)
First Inaugural Address 168
Second Inaugural Address 172
16 Rutherford B. Hayes (1877-1881)
Inaugural Address 177
17 James A. Garfield (1881)
Inaugural Address 186
18 Benjamin Harrison (1889-1893)
Inaugural Address 196
19 Grover Cleveland (1893-1897)
First Inaugural Address 210
Second Inaugural Address 215
20 William McKinley (1897-1901)
First Inaugural Address 223
Second Inaugural Address 235
21 Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909)
Inaugural Address 242
22 William Howard Taft (1909-1913)
Inaugural Address 246
23 Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921)
First Inaugural Address 263
Second Inaugural Address 268
24 Warren G. Harding (1921-1923)
Inaugural Address 273
25 Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929)
Inaugural Address 284
26 Herbert Hoover (1929-1933)
Inaugural Address 296
27 Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1945)
First Inaugural Address 309
Second Inaugural Address 315
Third Inaugural Address 320
Fourth Inaugural Address 325
28 Harry S. Truman (1945-1953)
Inaugural Address 327
29 Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)
First Inaugural Address 335
Second Inaugural Address 342
30 John F. Kennedy (1961-1963)
Inaugural Address 348
31 Lyndon Baines Johnson (1963-1969)
Inaugural Address 353
32 Richard Milhous Nixon (1969-1974)
First Inaugural Address 359
Second Inaugural Address 366
33 Jimmy Carter (1977-1981)
Inaugural Address 372
34 Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)
First Inaugural Address 377
Second Inaugural Address 384
35 George Bush (1989-1993)
Inaugural Address 393
36 Bill Clinton (1993-2001)
First Inaugural Address 400
Second Inaugural Address 405
37 George W. Bush (2001-2009)
First Inaugural Address 412
Second Inaugural Address 418
38 Barack Obama (2009- )
First Inaugural Address 425
Second Inaugural Address 432
序言
From George Washington to Barack Obama,
Presidents have used inaugural addresses to articulate their hopes and dreams
for a nation. Collectively, these addresses chronicle the course of this
country from its earliest days to the present.
Inaugural addresses have taken various tones, themes and forms. Some have been
reflective and instructive, while others have sought to challenge and inspire.
Washington’s second inaugural address on March 4, 1793 required only 135 words
and is the shortest ever given. The longest on record—8,495 words—was delivered
in a snowstorm March 4, 1841 by William Henry Harrison.
Invoking a spirit of both history and patriotism, inaugural addresses have
served to reaffirm the liberties and freedoms that mark our remarkable system
of government. Many memorable and inspiring passages have originated from these
addresses. Among the best known are Washington’s pledge in 1789 to protect the
new nation’s “liberties and freedoms” under “a government instituted by themselves,”
Abraham Lincoln’s
plea to a nation divided by Civil War to heal “with malice toward none, with
charity toward all,”Franklin D. Roosevelt’s declaration “that the only thing we
have to fear is fear itself,” and John F. Kennedy’s exhortation to “ask not
what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country.”
This collection is being published in commemoration of the Bicentennial Presidential
Inauguration that was observed on January 20, 1989. Dedicated to the
institution of the Presidency and the democratic process that represents the
peaceful and orderly transfer of power according to the will of the people, it
is our hope that this volume will serve as an important and valuable reference
for historians, scholars and the English learners.
文摘
Barack Obama
First Inaugural Address
Tuesday, January 20, 2009
[Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States— becoming
the first African American to serve in that office—on January 20, 2009.
The son of a white American mother and a black Kenyan father, Obama grew up in
Hawaii. Leaving the state to attend college, he earned degrees from Columbia
University and Harvard Law School. Obama worked as a community organizer in
Chicago, where he met and married Michelle LaVaughn Robinson in 1992. Their two
daughters, Malia Ann and Natasha (Sasha) were born in 1998 and 2001,
respectively. Obama was elected to the Illinois state senate in 1996 and served
there for eight years. In 2004, he was elected by a record majority to the U.S.
Senate from Illinois and, in February 2007, announced his candidacy for
President. After winning a closely-fought contest against New York Senator and
former First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton for the Democratic nomination, Obama
handily defeated Senator John McCain of Arizona, the Republican nominee for
President, in the general election.
When President Obama took office, he faced very significant challenges. The
economy was officially in a recession, and the outgoing administration of
George W. Bush had begun to implement a controversial “bail-out” package to try
to help struggling financial institutions. In foreign affairs, the United
States still had troops deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan, and warfare had
broken out between Israel and Hamas in the Gaza Strip, illustrating the ongoing
instability of the Middle East.]
My Fellow Citizens:
I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you
have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors. I thank
President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and
cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.
Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been
spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet,
every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. At
these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision
of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to
the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents. So it has
been. So it must be with this generation of Americans.
That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nation is at
war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is
badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of
some, but also our collective
failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have
been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our
schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we
use energy strengthen our
adversaries and threaten our planet.
These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less
measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land—a
nagging fear that America’s decline is inevitable, that the next generation
must lower its sights.
Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. They are serious and
they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know
this, America—they will be met.
On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose
over conflict and discord.
On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false
promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas that for far too long have
strangled our politics.
We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to
set aside childish things. The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit;
to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble
idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all
are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure
of happiness.
In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is
never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of shortcuts
or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted—for those
who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame.
Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things—some
celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have
carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.
For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans
in search of a new life.
For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West; endured the lash of the
whip and plowed the hard earth.
For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy
and Khe Sahn.
Time and again these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till
their hands were raw so that we might live a better life. They saw America as
bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the
differences of birth or wealth or faction.
This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most prosperous, powerful
nation on Earth. Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis
began. Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed
than they were last week or last month or last year. Our capacity remains
undiminished. But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and
putting off unpleasant decisions—that time has surely passed. Starting today,
we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of
remaking America.
For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of our economy
calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act—not only to create new jobs,
but to lay a new foundation for growth. We will build the roads and bridges,
the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us
together. We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology’s
wonders to raise health care’s quality and lower its cost. We will harness the
sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. And we
will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of
a new age. All this we can do. All this we will do.
Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions— who suggest that
our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. Their memories are short. For
they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women
can achieve when
imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.
What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them—that
the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer
apply. The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or
too small, but
whether it works—whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care
they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we
intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programs will end. And those of
us who manage the public’s dollars will be held to account—to spend wisely,
reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day—because only then
can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government.
Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill.
Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis
has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of
control—the nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. The
success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our Gross
Domestic Product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on the ability to extend
opportunity to every willing heart—not out of charity, but because it is the
surest route to our common good.
As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and
our ideals. Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils that we can scarcely
imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a
charter expanded by the blood of generations. Those ideals still light the
world, and we will not give them up for expedience’s sake. And so to all the
other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest
capitals to the small village where my father was born: know that America is a
friend of each nation and every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of
peace and dignity, and we are ready to lead once more.
Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with
missiles and tanks, but with the sturdy alliances and enduring convictions.
They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us
to do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent
use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our
example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.
We are the keepers of this legacy. Guided by these principles once more, we can
meet those new threats that demand even greater effort—even greater cooperation
and understanding between nations. We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to
its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan. With old friends and
former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll
back the specter of a warming planet. We will not apologize for our way of
life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their
aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our
spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will
defeat you.
For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness. We are a
nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus—and non-believers. We are
shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth; and
because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and
emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but
believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall
soon dissolve; that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall
reveal itself; and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of
peace.
To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and
mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or
blame their society’s ills on the West—know that your people will judge you on
what you can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power through
corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the
wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to
unclench your fist.
To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your
farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed
hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say
we can no longer afford
indifference to the suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the
world’s resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we
must change with it.
As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble
gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts
and distant mountains. They have something to tell us, just as the fallen
heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages. We honor them not only
because they are the guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the
spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than
themselves. And yet, at this moment—a moment that will define a generation—it
is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.
For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and
determination of the American people upon which this nation relies. It is the
kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of
workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which
sees us through our darkest hours. It is the firefighter’s courage to storm a
stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent’s willingness to nurture a child,
that finally decides our fate.
Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we meet them may be new.
But those values upon which our success depends—honesty and hard work, courage
and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism—these things are
old. These things are true. They have been the quiet force of progress
throughout our history. What is demanded then is a return to these truths. What
is required of us now is a new era of responsibility—a recognition, on the part
of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation, and the world,
duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the
knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our
character, than giving our all to a difficult task.
This is the price and the promise of citizenship.
This is the source of our confidence—the knowledge that God calls on us to
shape an uncertain destiny.
This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed—why men and women and children
of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent
mall, and why a man whose father less than sixty years ago might not have been
served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred
oath.
So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have
traveled. In the year of America’s birth, in the coldest of months, a small
band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river. The
capital was abandoned.
The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment when the
outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered
these words be read to the people:
“Let it be told to the future world… that in the depth of winter, when nothing
but hope and virtue could survive… that the city and the country, alarmed at
one common danger, came forth to meet… it.”
America! In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let
us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more
the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our
children’s children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey
end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the
horizon and God’s grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom
and delivered it safely to future generations.
Thank you. God bless you. And God bless the United States of America.
George Washington
First Inaugural Address
In the City of New York
Thursday, April 30, 1789
[The Nation’s first chief executive took his oath of office in April in New
York City on the balcony of the Senate Chamber at Federal Hall on Wall Street.
General Washington had been unanimously elected President by the first
electoral college, and John Adams was elected Vice President because he
received the second greatest number of votes. Under the rules, each elector
cast two votes. The Chancellor of New York and fellow Freemason, Robert R.
Livingston administered the oath of office. The Bible on which the oath was
sworn belonged to New York’s St. John’s Masonic Lodge. The new President gave
his inaugural address before a joint session of the two Houses of Congress
assembled inside the Senate Chamber. ]
Fellow-Citizens of the Senate and of the House of Representatives:
AMONG the vicissitudes incident to life no event could have filled me with
greater anxieties than that of which the notification was transmitted by your
order, and received on the 14th day of the present month. On the one hand, I
was summoned by my country, whose voice I can never hear but with veneration
and love, from a retreat which I had chosen with the fondest predilection, and,
in my flattering hopes, with an immutable decision, as the asylum of my
declining years—a retreat which was rendered every day more necessary as well
as more dear to me by the addition of habit to inclination, and of frequent
interruptions in my health to the gradual waste committed on it by time. On the
other hand, the magnitude and difficulty of the trust to which the voice of my
country called me, being sufficient to awaken in the wisest and most
experienced of her citizens a distrustful scrutiny into his qualifications,
could not but overwhelm with despondence one who (inheriting inferior
endowments from nature and unpracticed in the duties of civil administration)
ought to be peculiarly conscious of his own deficiencies. In this conflict of
emotions all I dare aver is that it has been my faithful study to collect my
duty from a just appreciation of every circumstance by which it might be
affected. All I dare hope is that if, in executing this task, I have been too
much swayed by a grateful remembrance of former instances, or by an
affectionate sensibility to this transcendent proof of the confidence of my
fellow-citizens, and have thence too little consulted my incapacity as well as
disinclination for the weighty and untried cares before me, my error will be
palliated by the motives which mislead me, and its consequences be judged by my
country with some share of the partiality in which they originated.
Such being the impressions under which I have, in obedience to the public
summons, repaired to the present station, it would be peculiarly improper to
omit in this first official act my fervent supplications to that Almighty Being
who rules over the universe, who presides in the councils of nations, and whose
providential aids can supply every human defect, that His benediction may
consecrate to the liberties and happiness of the people of the United States a
Government instituted by themselves for these essential purposes, and may
enable every instrument employed in its administration to execute with success
the functions allotted to his charge. In tendering this homage to the Great
Author of every public and private good, I assure myself that it expresses your
sentiments not less than my own, nor those of my fellow-citizens at large less
than either. No people can be bound to acknowledge and adore the Invisible Hand
which conducts the affairs of men more than those of the United States. Every
step by which they have advanced to the character of an independent nation
seems to have been distinguished by some token of providential agency; and in
the important revolution just accomplished in the system of their united government
the tranquil deliberations and voluntary consent of so many distinct
communities from which the event has resulted can not be compared with the
means by which most governments have been established without some return of
pious gratitude, along with an humble anticipation of the future blessings
which the past seem to presage. These reflections, arising out of the present
crisis, have forced themselves too strongly on my mind to be suppressed. You
will join with me, I trust, in thinking that there are none under the influence
of which the proceedings of a new and free government can more auspiciously
commence.
By the article establishing the executive department it is made the duty of the
President “to recommend to your consideration such measures as he shall judge
necessary and expedient.” The circumstances under which I now meet you will
acquit me from entering into that subject further than to refer to the great
constitutional charter under which you are assembled, and which, in defining
your powers, designates the objects to which your attention is to be given. It
will be more consistent with those circumstances, and far more congenial with
the feelings which actuate me, to substitute, in place of a recommendation of
particular measures, the tribute that is due to the talents, the rectitude, and
the patriotism which adorn the characters selected to devise and adopt them. In
these honorable qualifications I behold the surest pledges that as on one side
no local prejudices or attachments, no separate views nor party animosities,
will misdirect the comprehensive and equal eye which ought to watch over this
great assemblage of communities and interests, so, on another, that the
foundation of our national policy will be laid in the pure and immutable principles
of private morality, and the preeminence of free government be exemplified by
all the attributes which can win the affections of its citizens and command the
respect of the world. I dwell on this prospect with every satisfaction which an
ardent love for my country can inspire, since there is no truth more thoroughly
established than that there exists in the economy and course of nature an
indissoluble union between virtue and happiness; between duty and advantage;
between the genuine maxims of an honest and magnanimous policy and the solid
rewards of public prosperity and felicity; since we ought to be no less
persuaded that the propitious smiles of Heaven can never be expected on a
nation that disregards the eternal rules of order and right which Heaven itself
has ordained; and since the preservation of the sacred fire of liberty and the
destiny of the republican model of government are justly considered, perhaps,
as deeply, as finally, staked on the experiment entrusted to the hands of the
American people.
Besides the ordinary objects submitted to your care, it will remain with your
judgment to decide how far an exercise of the occasional power delegated by the
fifth article of the Constitution is rendered expedient at the present juncture
by the nature of objections which have been urged against the system, or by the
degree of inquietude which has given birth to them. Instead of undertaking
particular recommendations on this subject, in which I could be guided by no
lights derived from official opportunities, I shall again give way to my entire
confidence in your discernment and pursuit of the public good; for I assure
myself that whilst you carefully avoid every alteration which might endanger
the benefits of an united and effective government, or which ought to await the
future lessons of experience, a reverence for the characteristic rights of
freemen and a regard for the public harmony will sufficiently influence your
deliberations on the question how far the former can be impregnably fortified
or the latter be safely and advantageously promoted.
To the foregoing observations I have one to add, which will be most properly
addressed to the House of Representatives. It concerns myself, and will
therefore be as brief as possible. When I was first honored with a call into
the service of my country, then on the eve of an arduous struggle for its
liberties, the light in which I contemplated my duty required that I should
renounce every pecuniary compensation. From this resolution I have in no
instance departed; and being still under the impressions which produced it, I
must decline as inapplicable to myself any share in the personal emoluments
which may be indispensably included in a permanent provision for the executive
department, and must accordingly pray that the pecuniary estimates for the
station in which I am placed may during my continuance in it be limited to such
actual expenditures as the public good may be thought to require.
Having thus imparted to you my sentiments as they have been awakened by the
occasion which brings us together, I shall take my present leave; but not
without resorting once more to the benign Parent of the Human Race in humble
supplication that, since He has been pleased to favor the American people with
opportunities for deliberating in perfect tranquillity, and dispositions for
deciding with unparalleled unanimity on a form of government for the security
of their union and the advancement of their happiness, so His divine blessing
may be equally conspicuous in the enlarged views, the temperate consultations,
and the wise measures on which the success of this Government must depend.